Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 3 1-2 2015 10 13 52 59 EN Abazar Pournajaf Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Abdollah Ardebili Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran. Ezzat Allah-Ghaemi Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IR Iran. Sajad Omidi Department of Pathobiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, IR Iran. Katayoun Borhani Department of pediatrics, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Mahmoud Khodabandeh Department of pediatric infectious disease, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Masoumeh Davarpanah Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran. 2015 10 12 2015 10 12 Background: Infections resulted from multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are increasing worldwide. In the present study, a Multiplex-PCR assay for the detection of antibiotic resistance genes among S. aureus clinical isolates and for the concomitant identification of these isolates was described. Methods: A total of 127 S. aureus isolates were collected from clinical specimens at three teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Screening for methicillin and mupirocin resistance in staphylococcal isolates was performed by disk diffusion method, according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The presence of femB, mecA, and iles-2 genes was investigated by multiplex-PCR. Results: The 62.2% and 7.8% of Staphylococcus isolates were positive for mecA and ileS-2 genes, respectively. The femB fragment was amplified in all S. aureus strains tested. There is a 100% concordance between susceptibility and PCR results for isolates which harbored ileS-2. However, 55.1% of staphylococci were found as MRSA in the phenotypic assay. Conclusions: The PCR assay described in this study was able detect three genes for identification of S. aureus and its methicillin and mupirocin resistant genotypes concomitantly in a single reaction. Hence, this method can be used on regular basis as a valuable diagnostic and surveillance tool in clinical laboratories. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/22 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/22/18