Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 4 5-6 2015 12 15 19 23 EN Mohammad Khalili Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran. AND Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 2017 01 11 2017 01 11 Background: Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by inhalation of the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Ruminant livestock are common reservoirs for C. burnetii, and bacteria present in aerosols derived from the waste of infected animals can infect humans. C. burnetii is thought to infect humans primarily via airborne transmission.  Methods: 64 environmental swab samples were collected from 24 sheep and goat farms in Southeast Kerman province (Iran).  Results: In this study touchdown nested trans- PCR were used for detection of C. burnetii in environmental samples. We detected C. burnetii DNA in inhalable dust samples collected at 5 farms.  Conclusion: This first report in Iran highlighted presence of C. burnetii in dust originated from goat and sheep farms and that role in human infections with disseminating by wind. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/244 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/244/178