Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 13 4 2025 12 12 98 100 Hamid Sadeghi zanjan university of medical sciences Maryam Zamani Alavigeh 1 Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Mehdi Bakht Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Abolfazl Alizadeh Shamlu Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Masoumeh Aslanimehr Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. 2025 09 03 2025 10 26 Background: Chlamydia trachomatis remains one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) globally, often asymptomatic but capable of causing serious reproductive complications if left untreated. While azithromycin and doxycycline have traditionally been highly effective first-line treatments, recent evidence suggests a growing concern over reduced antibiotic efficacy and potential resistance. Conclusion:  This commentary highlights emerging clinical patterns, the need for surveillance, and the importance of reassessing treatment strategies to mitigate a future public health challenge. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/616