Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 05 1 7 Khadijeh Saravani Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran. Elham Javadian Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Mahboubeh Mohsenbeygi Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran. Mehdi Hassanshahian Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran 2018 11 14 Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of Momordica charantia against pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Extract of M. charantia species was extracted using Rotary device. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) of extract on mentioned bacteria were determined using micro dilution broth method at six different concentrations. Results: The results of this study showed that the lowest inhibitory concentration of extract against bacteria was 12.5 ppm, (Vibrio cholera, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli) the results also showed that only one inhibited. However, the highest inhibitory concentration was estimated 25 ppm against Shigella dysenteriae and Bacillus cereus and highest bactericidal concentration was estimated 25 and 50 ppm. Conclusion: The results of this study show good antimicrobial effects of M. charantia on pathogenic bacteria and these medicinal plants can be used to treat infections caused by bacteria. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/400 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/400/295

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 12 64 68 EN Parviz Afrough Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. AND Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Ava Behrouzi Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. AND Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Morteza Masoumi Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. AND Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Hasan Ghajavand Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. AND Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Farzaneh Mohaghegh Dolatabadi Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. 2018 08 25 Background: One of the most serious types of meningitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) which involves meningeal layer and is usually associated with high mortality and morbidity. We focused on the significance diagnosis and prompt treatment. Methods: We describe a case of TBM.In a 40-Year-old Asian male. He was no respiratory distress, neck stiffness, constipation, and nausea, but frequent urination. In addition, the patient had a history of drug addiction. Results: His Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed hyperintense Lesions. Sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was found positive and he was given a therapeutic trial of quinolones and Steroids. Conclusion: Observing the principles of biological safety among the personnel of medical centers and screening for TB disease in drug-positive and HIV-positive is essential. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/394 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/394/302

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 05 8 20 Bahman Fazeli Nasab Research Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural Research Institute, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran 2019 02 10 Background: Saffron is an interesting minor spice with a food coloring history and its active components have shown several useful pharmacological effects such as antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, radical scavenger effects, learning and memory-improving effects, anti-Alzheimer, antipruritic, etc. Because of negative consumer perception of chemical preservatives, attention is shifting towards natural alternatives. Particular interest has been focused on the potential application of plant essential oils. The aim of the present study was undertaken to evaluate the interaction of hydroalcoholic extract of saffron petals and different concentrations of it against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of saffron petals and different concentrations of extract (60, 90, 120 mg/ml) by a blank sterilized disc diffusion test was assessed against four different gram-positive and negative bacterial pathogens. Also, a full randomized factorial design experiment was conducted with three replications. The statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by LSD test for multiple comparisons. Results: The results of ANOVA showed that saffron petals hydroalcoholic extract and antibiotics were an effective on all tested bacterial strains and the most effective antibacterial properties has been observed on Listeria monocytogenes followed by Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activities of concentration of saffron petals hydroalcoholic extract was not significant on E. coli, but was significant on Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. Also, it was shown that the increases of the concentration of the extract caused higher antibacterial effects. The highest antibacterial effect of saffron petals hydroalcoholic extract was 120 mg which was observed against the L. monocytogenes. Saffron petals hydroalcoholic extract showed more antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that saffron petals extract has considerable potential as a herbal-base antimicrobial compound. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/408 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/408/296

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 12 69 72 Sarika kombade Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Jitu Kalita Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Vijaya Nag Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Kavita Yedale Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Anuradha Sharma Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. 2019 03 13 Background: Acinetobacter species are the major cause of nosocomial infection especially in intensive care unit settings. This organism also gains its importance for its nature of showing resistance towards various classes of antibiotics. Methods: Conventional biochemical test and Microscan walkway automated system was used for identification of the isolate. Results: Here, we report an unusual finding of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumanii, isolated from cerebrospinal fluid due to the post antibiotics effect. Conclusion: Microbiologist should be vigilant while reporting the unusual morphology of bacteria as antibiotic pressure effect may change the morphology and important findings may miss by microbiologist so antibiotic history should evaluated. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/414 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/414/303

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 05 21 29 EN Sahel Valadan Tahbaz Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Fallah Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Jamileh Nowroozi Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Shahnaz Armin Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Leila Azimi Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 07 22 Background: Staphylococcus aureus is considered as a major cause of skin and soft tissue infections, arthritis, osteomyelitis, infective endocarditis, and pneumoniae though community or nosocomial transmission. In this study, attempts were made to investigate the distribution of some important exotoxin genes, including hla, hlb, tsst-1, eta, etb, and etd among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from a hospital patients in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, a total of 90 S. aureus were isolated from children who admitted to a hospital during six-month in 2017. Isolates were identified using biochemical tests and then, using PCR, the isolates were tested for the presence of, hla, hlb, tsst-1, eta, etb, and etd genes. Results: It was found that 40% of the S. aureus were considered as MRSA strains by biochemical and molecular tests. The results of molecular detection of virulence determinants showed that eta, hla, etb, tsst-1, hlb and etd were detected in 86.1%, 80.5%, 30.5%, 27.7%, 22.2%, and 19.4% of isolates, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings clarify characterization of toxin production status of S. aureus isolates from patients in Iran. The current study showed that a majority of S. aureus isolates harbored eta and hla virulence gene. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/429 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/429/297

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 08 30 37 EN Afsaneh Gholami Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. Behzad Salehi Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. Faramarz Masjedian Jazi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2018 07 28 Background: Listeriosis, a fatal disease for vulnerable groups, has become common in the last decade due to extensive consumption of dairy and meat products. Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne opportunistic human pathogen and causal agent of listeriosis. There is a little information about the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance genes pattern of L. monocytogenes. Methods: The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance genes pattern of L. monocytogenes isolates from different clinical and environmental sources. Results: The results showed that 88% of the isolates are resistant to streptomycin and 83% to TMP-SMX. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of resistance genes showed that the prevalence of ermA, ermB, strA, tetS, tetA, and ermC genes in L. monocytogenes isolates were 0% (0/55), 10.9% (6/55), 78.81% (43/55), 0% (0/55), 27.27% (15/55), and 0% (0/55), respectively. Conclusion: The resistance of the isolates to the antibiotics represents a potential public health risk and indicates the necessity of the bacteriological controls to reduce the contamination of the food samples. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/392 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/392/298

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 08 38 43 Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal Division of Food Microbiology, Department of pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Monireh Zeinolabedini Zamani Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Laya Kafami Khorasani Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Mohammad Hassan Houshdar Tehrani Medicinal Chemistry Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Kazem Sharifi Yazdi Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Saeid Vahedi Instructor of Department of anesthesia, School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Farnaz Soltani Jonaghani Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemehsadat Mirsane Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2019 02 26 2019 03 09 Background: The aim of this study was to provide a simple and efficient way of producing IgY antibodies against Escherichia coli and extract that by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method. Methods: An ti- Escherichia coli antibody was produced in hens by using formalin-killed E.coli and confirmed by ELISA method, applying serum`antibody. The specific IgY was extracted from egg yolk by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Precipitation and analysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Results: The result of ELISA shows that the IgY titre increased from initial immunization and the high titre (≥0.071) persisted after the first immunization. Heavy chain of IgY with ~68 KDa was observed in the Gel electrophoresis pattern. Conclusion: The results of the ELISA indicates the specificity of the immunoglobulin Y to the target antigen and the result of SDS-PAGE represented the appropriate extraction method. More research must be done on the ability of these antibodies to inhibit the growth of E.coli. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/411 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/411/299

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 08 44 55 ge> Parisa Mobasseri Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Leila Azimi Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mitra Salehi Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Farzaneh Hosseini Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh Fallah Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2018 06 11 2018 06 11 Background:      Acquiring genetic determinants with antibiotic resistance and mutation in regulatory genes of Acinetobacter baumannii can made many problems in treatment of patients. The AdeIJK pump are associated with decrease susceptibility to trimethoprim, fluoroquinolones, β-lactams, novobiocin, tetracycline, lincosamides, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and  AbeM pump can decrease the MIC of chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. Upregulation of drug transporters systems, modifications in gyrA and parC genes have major role to fluoroquinolones resistance in A. baumannii. The aim of this study was investigation the contribution of adeJ and abeM pumps in extrusion of ciprofloxacin in A. baumannii. Methods:     For confirmation of species the blaOXA-51 gene was applied. Disk diffusion method was performed for antimicrobial susceptibility test. For illustration of active efflux pumps the CCCP and ciprofloxacin were used to determine MIC. To detect the RNA transcript of AdeJ and AbeM pumps in isolates collected from two hospitals from July 2016 to March 2017 qRT-PCR was carried out. Results:    The MICs of ciprofloxacin decreased 32-fold or more in 7 strains, 16-fold in 2 strains, 8-fold in 10 strains, 4-fold in 25 strains and 2-fold in 6 strains after adding CCCP. Overexpression of the adeJ (84%) and abeM (88.63%) genes were indicated by qRT-PCR. Conclusion: Efflux pups inhibitor are new approach for increase susceptibility to many classes of antibiotics. In A. baumannii strains transporting system may have contribution in ciprofloxacin resistance as shown with this study. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/383 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/383/260

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 7 1-2 2018 06 15 57 65 EN Hossein Ghaderi Department of Bacteriology, Shiraz University, Shiraz. Iran. Ebadallah Shiri Malekabad Department of Social Medicine, Army University of Medical Sciences (AJA), Tehran, Iran. Ali-Reza Dadashi Department of Infectious Diseases, Army University of Medical Sciences (AJA), Tehran, Iran. 2018 06 11 2018 06 11 Background:    Antibiotic resistance among bacteria has been one of the health problems in the world since the past. A type of resistance is due to the production of enzymes called beta-lactamases which is cause resistance to beta-lactam drugs and led to the emergence of new types of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs). Due to the importance of ESBL producing strain in uncontrolled hospital infections, the present study was Designed for evaluation of ESBL frequency in isolated Enterobacteriaceae from clinical specimens in an AJA hospital in Tehran. Methods:    In this study, 100 clinical specimens collected from AJA. All specimens were identified by standard bacteriological and biochemical methods and antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using disc diffusion method. Production of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes was evaluated using a mixed disk method with cefotaxime and ceftazidime antibiotics with clavulanic acid or alone. Results were interpreted according to CLSI guidelines. Results:    From 100 specimen, 75 isolates (75%) were confirmed as an Enterobacteriaceae family. Most sensitivities observed in Imipenem (97.33%), Meropenem (94.66%), Piperacillin (68%), and Gentamicin (64%). Overall 42.66% of isolates produced ESBLs. Conclusion: According to the results, broad-spectrum beta-lactamase production in isolated bacteria from a clinical specimen of AJA hospital was high and 42.66% of isolates produced ESBLs. Due to the high resistance of these strains to most common antibiotics, identification of these pathogens, applying control methods in relation to the production and release of this t