Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 05 1 7 Khadijeh Saravani Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran. Elham Javadian Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Mahboubeh Mohsenbeygi Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran. Mehdi Hassanshahian Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran 2018 11 14 Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of Momordica charantia against pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Extract of M. charantia species was extracted using Rotary device. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) of extract on mentioned bacteria were determined using micro dilution broth method at six different concentrations. Results: The results of this study showed that the lowest inhibitory concentration of extract against bacteria was 12.5 ppm, (Vibrio cholera, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli) the results also showed that only one inhibited. However, the highest inhibitory concentration was estimated 25 ppm against Shigella dysenteriae and Bacillus cereus and highest bactericidal concentration was estimated 25 and 50 ppm. Conclusion: The results of this study show good antimicrobial effects of M. charantia on pathogenic bacteria and these medicinal plants can be used to treat infections caused by bacteria. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/400 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/400/295

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 12 64 68 EN Parviz Afrough Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. AND Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Ava Behrouzi Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. AND Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Morteza Masoumi Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. AND Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Hasan Ghajavand Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. AND Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Farzaneh Mohaghegh Dolatabadi Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. 2018 08 25 Background: One of the most serious types of meningitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) which involves meningeal layer and is usually associated with high mortality and morbidity. We focused on the significance diagnosis and prompt treatment. Methods: We describe a case of TBM.In a 40-Year-old Asian male. He was no respiratory distress, neck stiffness, constipation, and nausea, but frequent urination. In addition, the patient had a history of drug addiction. Results: His Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed hyperintense Lesions. Sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was found positive and he was given a therapeutic trial of quinolones and Steroids. Conclusion: Observing the principles of biological safety among the personnel of medical centers and screening for TB disease in drug-positive and HIV-positive is essential. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/394 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/394/302

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 05 8 20 Bahman Fazeli Nasab Research Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural Research Institute, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran 2019 02 10 Background: Saffron is an interesting minor spice with a food coloring history and its active components have shown several useful pharmacological effects such as antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, radical scavenger effects, learning and memory-improving effects, anti-Alzheimer, antipruritic, etc. Because of negative consumer perception of chemical preservatives, attention is shifting towards natural alternatives. Particular interest has been focused on the potential application of plant essential oils. The aim of the present study was undertaken to evaluate the interaction of hydroalcoholic extract of saffron petals and different concentrations of it against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of saffron petals and different concentrations of extract (60, 90, 120 mg/ml) by a blank sterilized disc diffusion test was assessed against four different gram-positive and negative bacterial pathogens. Also, a full randomized factorial design experiment was conducted with three replications. The statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA followed by LSD test for multiple comparisons. Results: The results of ANOVA showed that saffron petals hydroalcoholic extract and antibiotics were an effective on all tested bacterial strains and the most effective antibacterial properties has been observed on Listeria monocytogenes followed by Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activities of concentration of saffron petals hydroalcoholic extract was not significant on E. coli, but was significant on Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. Also, it was shown that the increases of the concentration of the extract caused higher antibacterial effects. The highest antibacterial effect of saffron petals hydroalcoholic extract was 120 mg which was observed against the L. monocytogenes. Saffron petals hydroalcoholic extract showed more antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that saffron petals extract has considerable potential as a herbal-base antimicrobial compound. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/408 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/408/296

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 12 69 72 Sarika kombade Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Jitu Kalita Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Vijaya Nag Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Kavita Yedale Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Anuradha Sharma Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. 2019 03 13 Background: Acinetobacter species are the major cause of nosocomial infection especially in intensive care unit settings. This organism also gains its importance for its nature of showing resistance towards various classes of antibiotics. Methods: Conventional biochemical test and Microscan walkway automated system was used for identification of the isolate. Results: Here, we report an unusual finding of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumanii, isolated from cerebrospinal fluid due to the post antibiotics effect. Conclusion: Microbiologist should be vigilant while reporting the unusual morphology of bacteria as antibiotic pressure effect may change the morphology and important findings may miss by microbiologist so antibiotic history should evaluated. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/414 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/414/303

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 05 21 29 EN Sahel Valadan Tahbaz Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Fallah Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Jamileh Nowroozi Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Shahnaz Armin Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Leila Azimi Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 07 22 Background: Staphylococcus aureus is considered as a major cause of skin and soft tissue infections, arthritis, osteomyelitis, infective endocarditis, and pneumoniae though community or nosocomial transmission. In this study, attempts were made to investigate the distribution of some important exotoxin genes, including hla, hlb, tsst-1, eta, etb, and etd among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from a hospital patients in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, a total of 90 S. aureus were isolated from children who admitted to a hospital during six-month in 2017. Isolates were identified using biochemical tests and then, using PCR, the isolates were tested for the presence of, hla, hlb, tsst-1, eta, etb, and etd genes. Results: It was found that 40% of the S. aureus were considered as MRSA strains by biochemical and molecular tests. The results of molecular detection of virulence determinants showed that eta, hla, etb, tsst-1, hlb and etd were detected in 86.1%, 80.5%, 30.5%, 27.7%, 22.2%, and 19.4% of isolates, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings clarify characterization of toxin production status of S. aureus isolates from patients in Iran. The current study showed that a majority of S. aureus isolates harbored eta and hla virulence gene. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/429 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/429/297

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 08 30 37 EN Afsaneh Gholami Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. Behzad Salehi Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. Faramarz Masjedian Jazi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2018 07 28 Background: Listeriosis, a fatal disease for vulnerable groups, has become common in the last decade due to extensive consumption of dairy and meat products. Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne opportunistic human pathogen and causal agent of listeriosis. There is a little information about the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance genes pattern of L. monocytogenes. Methods: The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance genes pattern of L. monocytogenes isolates from different clinical and environmental sources. Results: The results showed that 88% of the isolates are resistant to streptomycin and 83% to TMP-SMX. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of resistance genes showed that the prevalence of ermA, ermB, strA, tetS, tetA, and ermC genes in L. monocytogenes isolates were 0% (0/55), 10.9% (6/55), 78.81% (43/55), 0% (0/55), 27.27% (15/55), and 0% (0/55), respectively. Conclusion: The resistance of the isolates to the antibiotics represents a potential public health risk and indicates the necessity of the bacteriological controls to reduce the contamination of the food samples. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/392 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/392/298

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 08 38 43 Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal Division of Food Microbiology, Department of pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Monireh Zeinolabedini Zamani Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Laya Kafami Khorasani Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Mohammad Hassan Houshdar Tehrani Medicinal Chemistry Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Kazem Sharifi Yazdi Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Saeid Vahedi Instructor of Department of anesthesia, School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Farnaz Soltani Jonaghani Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemehsadat Mirsane Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2019 02 26 2019 03 09 Background: The aim of this study was to provide a simple and efficient way of producing IgY antibodies against Escherichia coli and extract that by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method. Methods: An ti- Escherichia coli antibody was produced in hens by using formalin-killed E.coli and confirmed by ELISA method, applying serum`antibody. The specific IgY was extracted from egg yolk by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Precipitation and analysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Results: The result of ELISA shows that the IgY titre increased from initial immunization and the high titre (≥0.071) persisted after the first immunization. Heavy chain of IgY with ~68 KDa was observed in the Gel electrophoresis pattern. Conclusion: The results of the ELISA indicates the specificity of the immunoglobulin Y to the target antigen and the result of SDS-PAGE represented the appropriate extraction method. More research must be done on the ability of these antibodies to inhibit the growth of E.coli. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/411 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/411/299

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 08 44 55 Karuppasamy Chellapandi Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India. AND Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Sciences (RIPANS), Aizawl, Mizoram, India. Lalsanglura Ralte Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Sciences (RIPANS), Aizawl, Mizoram, India Surajit De Mandal Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India Tapan Dutta Dept. of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India Indu Sharma Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India 2019 05 14 Background: DAEC seems to be a neglected pathogen among diarrheagenic E. coli since its association with pediatric diarrhea is rarely reported. But, the emergence and spread of MDR diarrhea causing bacterial pathogens have become a global burden. This study investigated the prevalence of MDR DAEC among the Mizo pediatric diarrheal patients aged less than 5 years. Methods: A total of 334 E. coli isolates isolated from the fecal samples were subjected to multiplex PCR assays to categorize the pathotypes of diarrheagenic E. coli and subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity assay, phenotypic and genotypic ESBL assays (blaCTX-M-9, blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA and CMY-2). Results: Of 334 E. coli isolates, only 0.9% of the isolates were detected as DAEC, when compared with 0.9% and 1.2% of the isolates categorized as ETEC and EAEC from diarrheic samples and 0.6% of the EAEC also detected from the non-diarrheic samples. Among the isolates, 25%, 50% and 8.3% of the isolates were carrying the blaCTX-M-9, blaCTX-M-15 and CMY-2 respectively and 8.3% isolates from non-diarrheic samples also carried CMY-2. Conclusion: Though a low frequency of DAEC was observed in comparison to other pathotypes of DEC, majority of them being resistant to commonly used antibiotics and having a high MDR rate, which is a matter of concern to the public health. This pathotype could possibly a natural source for MDR spread among the other diarrheal pathogens of pediatric population. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/418 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/418/300

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Bacteriology 2251-8649 8 5-6 2019 09 12 56 63 Neda Housseini Department of Microbiology, North Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Farzaneh Hosseini Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran. Iran. Robab Rafiei Tabatabaei Department of Microbiology, North Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Ali Shivaee Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2018 11 13 2018 12 12 Background: More than 30 bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens have the potential for transfusion (sexually transmitted), an infectious group called sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Atofobium vagina, Gardnerella vaginalis are one of the most common causes of the disease. T. vaginalis is also the most common protozoa among vaginosis causing agents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of these factors in conjunction with the multiplex PCR method. Methods: In this study, among 320 women who referred to Shahid Akbarabadi Hospital in Tehran, 70 samples of people with symptoms of vaginosis who had not taken antibiotics at least one week before the visit were selected. The results of the Amsel criteria and Nugent score tests indicated only 27 cases as bacterial vaginosis. After DNA extraction from the specimens, a multiplex PCR was performed on the samples. Results: The results of the multiplex PCR showed that in 27 cases, 14 cases of bacterial vaginosis only in terms of A. vaginalis, 21 cases were only G. vaginalis and 10 were positive for both bacteria and in the case of T. vaginalis only 1 positive sample was observed among all samples of vaginosis, which was also positive in the A. vaginalis. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that multiplex PCR could be of great help in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginitis diseases. https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/view/399 https://jmb.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmb/article/download/399/301