Prevalence of Biofilm Associated Genes in Different Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is the most important etiological agent of biofilm associated-infections. It is one of the Gram-positive pathogens causing a wide range of nosocomial infections. Genes involved in biofilm formation is a defensive mechanism of this pathogen to combat the host immune response and remain stable in hostile environment. The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence of biofilm associated genes (BAGs).
Methods: Eighty samples of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from human infections were collected. Thirteen BAGs including rbf, sigB, sasG, icaA, sarA, icaR, icaD, clfA, clfB, fib, fnbpB, bap and fnbpA were amplified by PCR assay.
Results: The prevalence of genes were as follows: sigB (93.7%) and sarA (90%) were the most prevalent BAGs followed by rbf (83.7%), fib (80%), sasG (78.7%), icaR (78.7%), clfB (78.7%), clfA (78.7%), fnbpA (73.7%), icaD (66.2%), icaA (50%), fnbpB (22.5%). However, bap was not detected in any isolate.
Conclusion: This study showed that the sensitivity and specificity of PCR is high in the identification of biofilm associated genes in S. aureus. However, researchers need new molecular methods to improve understanding of the exact role of the genes involved in biofilm formation.
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15. Osmundson TW, Eyre CA, Hayden KM, et al. Back to basics: an evaluation of NaOH and alternative rapid DNA extraction protocols for DNA barcoding, genotyping, and disease diagnostics from fungal and oomycete samples. Mol Ecol Resour 2013; 13(1):66-74.
16. Cue D, Lei MG, Luong TT, et al. Rbf promotes biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus via repression of icaR, a negative regulator of icaADBC. J Bacteriol 2009; 191(20):6363-73.
17. Rode TM, Langsrud S, Holck A, et al. Different patterns of biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus under food-related stress conditions. Int J Food Microbiol 2007; 116(3):372-83.
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19. Li L, Yang HJ, Liu DC, et al. Biofilm formation and analysis of associated genes involved in Staphylococcus isolates from bovine mastitis. Sci Agricult Sinica 2011; 44(1):160-6.
20. Chaieb K, Abbassi MS, Touati A, et al. Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from biomaterials in a dialysis service. Ann Microbiol 2005; 55(4): 307-12.
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22. Lister JL and Horswill AR. Staphylococcus aureus biofilms: recent developments in biofilm dispersal. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 4:178.
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25. Lim Y, Jana M, Luong TT, et al. Control of glucose-and NaCl-induced biofilm formation by rbf in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol 2004; 186(3):722-29.
26. Melchior MB, Vaarkamp H, Fink-Gremmels J, et al. Biofilms: a role in recurrent mastitis infections? Vet J 2006; 171(3):398-407.
27. Seo YS, Lee DY, Rayamahji N, et al. Biofilm-forming associated genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from animals and air. Res Vet Sci 2008; 85(3):433-38.
2. arwood JM, Bartels DJ, Volper EM, et al. Quorum sensing in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. J Bacteriol 2004; 186(6):1838-50.
3. Wertheim HF, Melles DC, Vos MC, et al. The role of nasal carriage in Staphylococcus aureus infections. Lancet Infect Dis 2005; 5(12): 751-62.
4. He JZ, Wang AQ, Liu G, et al. Biofilm formation and biofilm-associated genes assay of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in China. Pak Vet J 2014; 34(4):508-13.
5. Speziale P, Pietrocola G, Foster TJ, et al. Protein-based biofilm matrices in staphylococci. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 10(4):171.
6. Donlan RM, and Costerton JW. Biofilms: survival mechanisms of clinically relevant microorganisms. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002; 15(2):167-93.
7. Ferreira AA, Tette PAS, Mendonça RCS, et al. Detection of exopolysaccharide production and biofilm-related genes in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from a poultry processing plant. Food Sci Technol 2014; 34(4): 710-6.
8. Middleton JR. Staphylococcus aureus mastitis: Have we learned anything in the last 50 years. In Proceedings of the National Mastitis Council Regional Meeting 2013; 1-8.
9. Namvar AE, Asghari B, Ezzatifar F, et al. Detection of the intercellular adhesion gene cluster (ica) in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates. GMS Hyg Infect Control, 2013; 8(1):Doc03.
10. Vergara-Irigaray M, Valle J, Merino N, et al. Relevant role of fibronectin-binding proteins in Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-associated foreign-body infections. Infect Immun 2009; 77(9):3978-91.
11. Vautor E, Abadie G, Pont A, et al. Evaluation of the presence of the bap gene in Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from human and animals species. Vet Microbiol 2008; 127(3-4):407-11.
12. Beenken KE, Dunman PM, McAleese F, et al. Global gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. J Bacteriol 2004; 186(14):4665-84.
13. Geoghegan JA, Corrigan RM, Gruszka DT, et al. Role of surface protein SasG in biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol 2010; 192(21):5663-73.
14. Cucarella C, Tormo MÁ, Úbeda C, et al. Role of biofilm-associated protein bap in the pathogenesis of bovine Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Immun 2004; 72(4):2177-85.
15. Osmundson TW, Eyre CA, Hayden KM, et al. Back to basics: an evaluation of NaOH and alternative rapid DNA extraction protocols for DNA barcoding, genotyping, and disease diagnostics from fungal and oomycete samples. Mol Ecol Resour 2013; 13(1):66-74.
16. Cue D, Lei MG, Luong TT, et al. Rbf promotes biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus via repression of icaR, a negative regulator of icaADBC. J Bacteriol 2009; 191(20):6363-73.
17. Rode TM, Langsrud S, Holck A, et al. Different patterns of biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus under food-related stress conditions. Int J Food Microbiol 2007; 116(3):372-83.
18. Vasudevan P, Nair MKM, Annamalai T, et al. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of bovine mastitis isolates of Staphylococcus aureus for biofilm formation. Vet Microbiol 2003; 92(1-2): 179-85.
19. Li L, Yang HJ, Liu DC, et al. Biofilm formation and analysis of associated genes involved in Staphylococcus isolates from bovine mastitis. Sci Agricult Sinica 2011; 44(1):160-6.
20. Chaieb K, Abbassi MS, Touati A, et al. Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from biomaterials in a dialysis service. Ann Microbiol 2005; 55(4): 307-12.
21. Tristan A, Ying L, Bes M, et al. Use of multiplex PCR to identify Staphylococcus aureus adhesions involved in human hematogenous infections. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41(9):4465-7.
22. Lister JL and Horswill AR. Staphylococcus aureus biofilms: recent developments in biofilm dispersal. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2014; 4:178.
23. Mitchell G, Fugère A, Gaudreau KP, et al. SigB is a dominant regulator of virulence in Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants. PLoS One 2013; 8(5):e65018.
24. Senn MM, Giachino P, Homerova D, et al. Molecular analysis and organization of the σB operon in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol 2005; 187(23): 8006-19.
25. Lim Y, Jana M, Luong TT, et al. Control of glucose-and NaCl-induced biofilm formation by rbf in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol 2004; 186(3):722-29.
26. Melchior MB, Vaarkamp H, Fink-Gremmels J, et al. Biofilms: a role in recurrent mastitis infections? Vet J 2006; 171(3):398-407.
27. Seo YS, Lee DY, Rayamahji N, et al. Biofilm-forming associated genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from animals and air. Res Vet Sci 2008; 85(3):433-38.
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| Issue | Vol 9 No 1-2 (2020) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Biofilm Biofilm-associated genes Iran Staphylococcus aureus. | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Pourzal F, Haghkhah M. Prevalence of Biofilm Associated Genes in Different Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Bacteriol. 2020;9(1-2):9-15.
