Original Articles

Genotypic Characterisation of Carbapenemases in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Kerala

Abstract

Background:   The multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains are an increasing global concern. The primary cause of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii is production of various beta-lactamases with versatile hydrolytic capacities. The present study investigates the prevalence of different carbapenemases among clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii from a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kerala, India.
Methods:   Non-duplicate isolates from sputum, endotracheal aspirate, pus, urine, and blood samples were included in the study. Isolate identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates were done using vitek 2 system. A conventional polymerase chain reaction  was used to detect the carbapenemase-encoding genes in the isolates.
Results:   A total of the 126 isolates studied, among these 105 (83.3%) isolates were from intensive care unit patients and 21(16.6%) were from non-ICU inpatients. Most of the isolates were obtained from respiratory specimens-78(61.9%) followed by pus-33(26.2%), urine-12(9.5%) and blood- 3(2.4%).  The prevalence of carbapenemase genes were as follows:blaOXA-51(n=126, 100%) blaOXA-23 (n=98, 77.7%), blaOXA-58 (n=7, 5.6%), blaNDM (n=66, 52.4%), blaIMP (n=26, 20.6%), and blaVIM (n=20, 15.9%). Among the total isolates 78 (61.9%) isolates harbored metallo-beta-lactamase genes, 47(37.3%) isolates harboured a single carbapenemase gene, while 69(54.8%) isolates harbored two or more genes.
Conclusion:   This study reveals a higher prevalence of metallo-beta lactamases and the co-occurrence of multiple carbapenemase genes in Carbapenem resistant A. baumannii isolates.

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IssueVol 12 No 3 (2024) QRcode
SectionOriginal Articles
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i3.16608
Keywords
Acinetobacter baumannii OXA-derived carbapenemases Metallo-beta-lactamases Kerala India
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How to Cite
1.
Sathyanesan LK, Jose R, Valsan C, Joy LM. Genotypic Characterisation of Carbapenemases in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of Kerala. J Med Bacteriol. 2024;12(3):27-34.