Frequent Evaluation of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in Women with Genital Herpes by Realtime PCR
,
Abstract
Background: Herpes simplex type 2 is a common infection worldwide. This disease is common in both developed and developing countries. Early detection of infection is very important to reduce the risk of infection. Real-time reliable PCR is a very sensitive and specific method that can be used as the best marker in determining the therapeutic effect by identifying a viral genome in an individual. The prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 in women with genital herpes was evaluated by Real time PCR method.
Methods: From January 1999 to March 2010, 45 samples of vaginal swab
s and cervix of women with genital herpes were examined for HSV virus DNA detection using Real Time PCR.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 35.9 + 5.9. The percentage of positive cases of herpes simplex virus type 2 in the studied women was 22.2% and the history of infection with hpv was 33.3% vs. 12.5%. = 0.094 which was significant.
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2. Whitley RJ, Roizman B. Herpes simplex virus infections. Lancet 2001; 357(9261):1513-18.
3. Whitley RJ, Kimberlin David W, Bernard R. Herpes sinplex virus. IDSA 1998; 26:541-55.
4. Kukhanova M. korovina AN, Kochetkov SN. Human herpes simplex virus. Life cycle and development of inhibitors. Biochemistry 2014; 25:1636-1652.
5. Staberry L. Chapter 249. Herpes simplex virus. Robert M. Kliegman M. Stanton B. Geme J, Schor N, Behrman R. Nelson Text book of pediatrics. 19th: Saunders 2011; 26:1366-1372.
6. Mascasullo U, Fam E, Keller M J, Herold BC. Role of mucasel immunity in preventing genital heroes infection. Viral Immunol 2005; 18(4):595-606.
7. Brown ZA, Selkess Zen J. The acquisition of herpes sinplex virys during pregnancy. New England J Med 1997; 21(2):334-338.
8. Saebi S. Infectious disease in Iran. 3thed Tehran: Panus publishing. 1993; 3(6):151-115.
9. James C, Har Fouche M, Welton NJ. Herpes simplex virus. Global Health organ 2020; 93:315-329.
10. Alberts CJ, Schim Vander Loeff MF, Papenfuss MR, et al. Association of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and heroes simplex virus Type 2 serostatus with genital human papillomavirus Infection in Men. Sex Transm Dis 2013; 49(6):505-8.
11. Schloss L, Falk Kl, Skoog E, et al. Monitoring of herpes simplex virus DNA types 1and 2 viral load in cerebrospinal fluid by real- time pcr in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis. J Med Virop 2009; 81(8):1432-7.
12. Domingues RB, Lakeman FD, Mayo MS, et al. Application of competitive PCR to cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with herpes simplex encephalitis. J clin Microbial 1998; 36(8):2229-34.
13. Mohamed KEH, Ashmeig AAA. Cervical cancer: our experience in Sudan. Cancer Reaserch. 2017; 26:256-63.
14. Anthony DD, Wentz WB, Reagan JW, et al. Induction of cervical neoplasia in the mouse by herpes simplex virus type Z DNA. PNAS 1989; 86(12):4520-4.
15. Brandt CP, Galloway DA, Mc Dougall JK. Synergistic interaction vetween HPV-18 sequences, herpes simplex virus infections and chemical carcinogens. Cancer Cells 2007; 25:5179-186.
16. Kasraeian M, Movaseghi M, Fotuhi Ghiam A. Seroepidemiological study of Herpes simplex virus type Hsv 2 antibody in shiraz. Iran. Iranian J Immunol 2004; 3:189-93.
17. Domercant JW, Jean Louis F, Hulland E, et al. Seroprevalence of Herpes simplex virus type 2 among pregnant women who participated in national HIV surveillance activity in Haiti. BMC Infec Dis 2017; 17(1):511-6.
18. Qutub M, Akhter J. Epidemiology of genital herpes among brothel based female sex workers in Bangladesh. European J Epidemiol 2003; 18:903-909.
19. Mc Quillan, Krusan-Moran GM, DFlagg EW, et al. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in persons aged 14.49 united states 015-2016 pp1-8. Us Department of health and human services centers for disease control and prevention. 2018.
20. Ksana D, Francis A, Yeboah M, et al. Sero prevalence of heroes simplex virus type 1 and 2 among women attending routine cervicare clinics in Ghana. BMC infec Dis 2018; 18(1):1-7.
21. El-Amin EO, Elamin OE, Ahmed RA, et al. Sero prevalence of heroes1virus infection in sudanese regnant women. Trop Med Surg 2013; 1:138-143.
22. Nakku-Joloba E, Kambugu F, Wasubire J, et al. Sero -prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 virus (HSV 2) and HIV infection in kampala, Uganda. Afr Health Sci 2014; 14:782-9.
23. Urewa NE, Mapingure MP, Munjoma MW, et al. The burden and risk factors of sexually transmitted infections and reproductive tract infections among pregnant womrn n zimbawe. BMC Infect Dis 2010;10e127.
24. Weiss HA, Bure A, Robinson N, et al. The epidemiology of HSV 2 infection and its association with HIV infection in four urban African populations. AIDS 2001; 15:97-108.
25. Shaw M, Sande M, West B, et al. Prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 and 25 syphilis serology among young adults in arural Gambian community. Sex Transm Infect 2001; 77:25-32.
26. Weiss H. Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in the developing world. IHME 2004; 11:24-35.
27. Vaishnav M, Javed A, Gupta S, et al. Stigma towards mental illness in Asian nations and low-and-middle-income countries, and comparison with high-income countries: A literature review and practice implications. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65(10):995-1011.
28. Ahmed J, Younis A, Ali amihsen H. et al. Molecular and identification of both HSV 1 and HSV 2 in recurent Herpetic C infected patients among groups of people in IRAQ. Plant Archives 2021; 21(1):1571-7.
29. Magdaleno-Tapial J, Hernández-Bel P, Valenzuela-Oñate C, et al. Genital infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in Valencia, Spain: a retrospective observational study. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2020; 111(1):53-8.
30. Rostamzade Khameneh Z, Sepehrvand N, Taghizadeh A, et al. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus 2 in kidney transplant recipients. Department of Microbiology 2014; 158:61-66.
31. Brandt CR, Galloway DA, MC Dougall J K. Synergistic interaction between HPV 18 sequences herpes simplex virus infections and chemical carcinogens. Cancer Cells 2007; 5:179-86.
32. Xu F, Schillinger JA, Sternberg MR, et al. Seroprevalence and coinfection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in the United States, 1988-1994. J Infect Dis 2002; 185(8):1019-24.
33. Sen L, Xi W. Seropositivity to herpes simplex virus type 2 but not tyoe 1 is associated with cervical cancer. BMC cancer.2017; 7(1):1-9 .
34. Jude O, Anthony A, Ngokere CA, et al. Screening for cervical abnormalities, associated with EBV, HPV and HSV 2 infections in south -west Nigeria. J Onco Sci 2018; 4(2):85-95.
35. Mcclymont E, Tan DH, Bondy S, et al. HSV-2 infection and HPV incidence, persistence, and precancerous lesions in a cohort of HPV-vaccinated women living with HIV. Sex Trans Infec 2019; 95:343-50.
36. Hussein AA, Khashman BM. Detection of HPV 16 and HSV 2 among women with chronic cervictis in Baghdad city. Res J Pharm Tech 2019; 2(9):4443-6.
37. Larder BA, Kemp SD, Darby G. Related functional domains in virus DNA polymerases. EMBO J 1987; 6:169-75.
38. Tsurumi T, Maeno K, Nishiyama Y. Nucleotide sequence of the DNA polymerase gene of herpes simplex virus type 2 and comparison with the type 1 counterpart. Gene 1987; 52:129-137.
39. Brice SL, Krzemien D, Weston WL, et al. Detection of herpes simplex virus DNA in cutaneous lesions of erythema multiforme. J Investig Dermatol 1989; 93:183-7.
40. Cao M, Xiao X, Egbert T, et al. Rapid detection of cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection with the polymerase chain reaction. J Investig Dermatol 1989; 92:391-2.
41. Kessler HH. Qualitative detection of herpes simplex virus DNA on the LightCycler. In: Meuer S, Wittwer C T, Nakagawara K, editors. Rapid cycle real-time PCR—methods and applications, in press. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2000.
2. Whitley RJ, Roizman B. Herpes simplex virus infections. Lancet 2001; 357(9261):1513-18.
3. Whitley RJ, Kimberlin David W, Bernard R. Herpes sinplex virus. IDSA 1998; 26:541-55.
4. Kukhanova M. korovina AN, Kochetkov SN. Human herpes simplex virus. Life cycle and development of inhibitors. Biochemistry 2014; 25:1636-1652.
5. Staberry L. Chapter 249. Herpes simplex virus. Robert M. Kliegman M. Stanton B. Geme J, Schor N, Behrman R. Nelson Text book of pediatrics. 19th: Saunders 2011; 26:1366-1372.
6. Mascasullo U, Fam E, Keller M J, Herold BC. Role of mucasel immunity in preventing genital heroes infection. Viral Immunol 2005; 18(4):595-606.
7. Brown ZA, Selkess Zen J. The acquisition of herpes sinplex virys during pregnancy. New England J Med 1997; 21(2):334-338.
8. Saebi S. Infectious disease in Iran. 3thed Tehran: Panus publishing. 1993; 3(6):151-115.
9. James C, Har Fouche M, Welton NJ. Herpes simplex virus. Global Health organ 2020; 93:315-329.
10. Alberts CJ, Schim Vander Loeff MF, Papenfuss MR, et al. Association of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and heroes simplex virus Type 2 serostatus with genital human papillomavirus Infection in Men. Sex Transm Dis 2013; 49(6):505-8.
11. Schloss L, Falk Kl, Skoog E, et al. Monitoring of herpes simplex virus DNA types 1and 2 viral load in cerebrospinal fluid by real- time pcr in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis. J Med Virop 2009; 81(8):1432-7.
12. Domingues RB, Lakeman FD, Mayo MS, et al. Application of competitive PCR to cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with herpes simplex encephalitis. J clin Microbial 1998; 36(8):2229-34.
13. Mohamed KEH, Ashmeig AAA. Cervical cancer: our experience in Sudan. Cancer Reaserch. 2017; 26:256-63.
14. Anthony DD, Wentz WB, Reagan JW, et al. Induction of cervical neoplasia in the mouse by herpes simplex virus type Z DNA. PNAS 1989; 86(12):4520-4.
15. Brandt CP, Galloway DA, Mc Dougall JK. Synergistic interaction vetween HPV-18 sequences, herpes simplex virus infections and chemical carcinogens. Cancer Cells 2007; 25:5179-186.
16. Kasraeian M, Movaseghi M, Fotuhi Ghiam A. Seroepidemiological study of Herpes simplex virus type Hsv 2 antibody in shiraz. Iran. Iranian J Immunol 2004; 3:189-93.
17. Domercant JW, Jean Louis F, Hulland E, et al. Seroprevalence of Herpes simplex virus type 2 among pregnant women who participated in national HIV surveillance activity in Haiti. BMC Infec Dis 2017; 17(1):511-6.
18. Qutub M, Akhter J. Epidemiology of genital herpes among brothel based female sex workers in Bangladesh. European J Epidemiol 2003; 18:903-909.
19. Mc Quillan, Krusan-Moran GM, DFlagg EW, et al. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in persons aged 14.49 united states 015-2016 pp1-8. Us Department of health and human services centers for disease control and prevention. 2018.
20. Ksana D, Francis A, Yeboah M, et al. Sero prevalence of heroes simplex virus type 1 and 2 among women attending routine cervicare clinics in Ghana. BMC infec Dis 2018; 18(1):1-7.
21. El-Amin EO, Elamin OE, Ahmed RA, et al. Sero prevalence of heroes1virus infection in sudanese regnant women. Trop Med Surg 2013; 1:138-143.
22. Nakku-Joloba E, Kambugu F, Wasubire J, et al. Sero -prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 virus (HSV 2) and HIV infection in kampala, Uganda. Afr Health Sci 2014; 14:782-9.
23. Urewa NE, Mapingure MP, Munjoma MW, et al. The burden and risk factors of sexually transmitted infections and reproductive tract infections among pregnant womrn n zimbawe. BMC Infect Dis 2010;10e127.
24. Weiss HA, Bure A, Robinson N, et al. The epidemiology of HSV 2 infection and its association with HIV infection in four urban African populations. AIDS 2001; 15:97-108.
25. Shaw M, Sande M, West B, et al. Prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 and 25 syphilis serology among young adults in arural Gambian community. Sex Transm Infect 2001; 77:25-32.
26. Weiss H. Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in the developing world. IHME 2004; 11:24-35.
27. Vaishnav M, Javed A, Gupta S, et al. Stigma towards mental illness in Asian nations and low-and-middle-income countries, and comparison with high-income countries: A literature review and practice implications. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65(10):995-1011.
28. Ahmed J, Younis A, Ali amihsen H. et al. Molecular and identification of both HSV 1 and HSV 2 in recurent Herpetic C infected patients among groups of people in IRAQ. Plant Archives 2021; 21(1):1571-7.
29. Magdaleno-Tapial J, Hernández-Bel P, Valenzuela-Oñate C, et al. Genital infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in Valencia, Spain: a retrospective observational study. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2020; 111(1):53-8.
30. Rostamzade Khameneh Z, Sepehrvand N, Taghizadeh A, et al. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus 2 in kidney transplant recipients. Department of Microbiology 2014; 158:61-66.
31. Brandt CR, Galloway DA, MC Dougall J K. Synergistic interaction between HPV 18 sequences herpes simplex virus infections and chemical carcinogens. Cancer Cells 2007; 5:179-86.
32. Xu F, Schillinger JA, Sternberg MR, et al. Seroprevalence and coinfection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in the United States, 1988-1994. J Infect Dis 2002; 185(8):1019-24.
33. Sen L, Xi W. Seropositivity to herpes simplex virus type 2 but not tyoe 1 is associated with cervical cancer. BMC cancer.2017; 7(1):1-9 .
34. Jude O, Anthony A, Ngokere CA, et al. Screening for cervical abnormalities, associated with EBV, HPV and HSV 2 infections in south -west Nigeria. J Onco Sci 2018; 4(2):85-95.
35. Mcclymont E, Tan DH, Bondy S, et al. HSV-2 infection and HPV incidence, persistence, and precancerous lesions in a cohort of HPV-vaccinated women living with HIV. Sex Trans Infec 2019; 95:343-50.
36. Hussein AA, Khashman BM. Detection of HPV 16 and HSV 2 among women with chronic cervictis in Baghdad city. Res J Pharm Tech 2019; 2(9):4443-6.
37. Larder BA, Kemp SD, Darby G. Related functional domains in virus DNA polymerases. EMBO J 1987; 6:169-75.
38. Tsurumi T, Maeno K, Nishiyama Y. Nucleotide sequence of the DNA polymerase gene of herpes simplex virus type 2 and comparison with the type 1 counterpart. Gene 1987; 52:129-137.
39. Brice SL, Krzemien D, Weston WL, et al. Detection of herpes simplex virus DNA in cutaneous lesions of erythema multiforme. J Investig Dermatol 1989; 93:183-7.
40. Cao M, Xiao X, Egbert T, et al. Rapid detection of cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection with the polymerase chain reaction. J Investig Dermatol 1989; 92:391-2.
41. Kessler HH. Qualitative detection of herpes simplex virus DNA on the LightCycler. In: Meuer S, Wittwer C T, Nakagawara K, editors. Rapid cycle real-time PCR—methods and applications, in press. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2000.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 12 No 3 (2024) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i3.16606 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Herpes type 2 Genital herpes Real time PCR | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Montazeri B, Bashi Zadeh Fakhar H, Shaghaghi B, Rostami F. Frequent Evaluation of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in Women with Genital Herpes by Realtime PCR. J Med Bacteriol. 2024;12(3):9-17.
